Motherboard could not read a newly installed physical memory (RAM)

My motherboard has two memory slots and I have 512 MB of DDR RAM in one of the slots. I bought another DDR RAM of the same size and thought I could put it in the second slot to have a total of 1 GB memory, however, when I check System Information under System Tools folder, the Installed Physical Memory (RAM) still shows 512 MB.
How come the new RAM is not added?
